The growth of the importance of libraries in both the social and the scientific spheres has led to a great development in library science and in educational training for the profession of librarianships. In Germany and France requirements for admission to the profession of librarian have been laid down by the state; in other countries where there are library schools and professional examinations, professional qualifications are usually expected though they are not necessary for admission to the profession. The American Library Association, founded in 1876, was the first such association to be established in the world, and has been responsible in no small measure for the advances in library techniques America and elsewhere. Library associations now exist in most countries; the English Library Association, founded in 1878, holds national and focal conferences, maintains an excellent library and information bureau, promotes facilities for professional education, conducts examinations (elementary, intermediate and final) and maintains a register of qualified librarians.
We understand from the passage that, as libraries have grown in importance, ____.
the state has, in most countries, taken over their administration
it has been necessary to find separate facilities for scientific subjects
the need to train people in librarianship has been recognized
professional qualifications are everywhere essential for admission to the profession of librarian even in a very junior capacity
library associations have been formed in most countries to ensure that ail libraries are organized in the same manner
It is pointed out in the passage that advances in library technique ____.
have slowed down and are now almost at a standstill
have, to a large extent, been the work of the American Library Association
comprise only a very small part of a librarian's training
are still little known outside of America
are of interest only to the professional librarian and do not affect the general public
It is clear from the passage that the English Library Association _____.
plays a very active role in the training of librarians
rarely makes any contact with the general public
is almost an exact replica of the American Library Association
is in many important respects very different from its counterpart in the States
has been responsible for the rapid development in library science throughout the world